In-Depth
VMware Workstation Is a Virtual Powerhouse
Readers say VMware's desktop virtualization tool, although pricier than Microsoft's free Virtual PC, is definitely worth the money.
VMware Workstation 5.5 debuted in December 2005 to rave reviews. Although Microsoft,
its primary competitor, has bolstered its arsenal of virtualization tools in
recent months (see "Virtual
Server Has Real Fans" and "Microsoft
Virtual PC: Good Enough -- for the Price," October and November Redmond,
respectively), VMware is still widely considered best of breed when it comes
to desktop virtualization. "We are a Microsoft partner and a VMware partner,
so we support and use both," says John Hanley, CEO of Portlock Software,
a storage management and disaster recovery software provider in Redmond, Wash.VMware
Workstation is, in my opinion, a much better product than Virtual PC because
it's more flexible and has more options," he says.
VMware Workstation 5.5 runs on Windows or Linux hosts, a decided advantage
over Microsoft's Virtual PC, which supports only Windows hosts (although it
does support limited Linux guests). VMware also supports more flavors of Linux
guests, including the latest distributions from Red Hat, SUSE, Ubuntu, Sun Solaris
x86 and FreeBSD.
"There's more Linux expertise in VMware. I'm sure Microsoft has vast Linux
expertise, but they don't apply it to developing products for Linux," Hanley
says. That could be changing, though. "VMware Workstation is a better product
for Linux now, but that may not be true once all the Linux extensions come out
with Microsoft," he says.
Bit by Bit
Workstation 5.5 supports both 32-bit and 64-bit guest and host machines (Microsoft's
Virtual PC supports 64-bit hosts, but only 32-bit guests). VMware also lets
users run 32- and 64-bit operating systems simultaneously on the same physical
machine. The 64-bit guest capability is only supported on certain AMD 64 and
Intel VT-enabled processors. (VMware provides a free utility that checks for
supported processors as part of the download process.)
For most readers, the 64-bit support is important, but not yet critical. "Most
of the environments I'm working with right now aren't 64-bit," says Bob
Fox, an independent consultant who is also a Microsoft MVP for Windows SharePoint
Services, a Pfizer SharePoint Lead and a member of the Microsoft Center of Excellence.
"Maybe down the road it might make a difference, but I don't think it's
going to affect me in terms of testing Web parts and different applications."
Hanley agrees that 64-bit support will become more important. "Most of
our desktops are still 32-bit, so we can't run a 64-bit virtualized OS on our
desktops," he says. "As we replace them with new 64-bit machines,
that will change. But right now, I haven't been all that thrilled with the 64-bit
Windows XP version's reliability or stability."
VMware Workstation 5.5 also offers experimental support for virtual symmetric
multiprocessing, in which users can dedicate as many as two virtual processors
to a given virtual machine (VM), as long as the host machine is configured with
at least two logical processors. This is an advanced feature, however, that
most readers have yet to use. "I haven't tried the 64-bit stuff or the
multiprocessor," says Paul Moore, a senior developer at a small software
company in Mountain View, Calif.
Moore's company uses VMware Workstation primarily because of its Linux and
Windows support. "We do a lot of development on Red Hat systems and we
do development for Red Hat talking to Active Directory. We need lots of domain
controllers that we can bring up, take down, roll back and so on. Plus, we need
lots of Red Hat systems we can bring up, take down and roll back. VMware is
perfect for our environment," he says.
Bread and Butter
Beyond the Linux support, most users cite VMware Workstation's snapshot and cloning
capabilities as key differentiators. "The snapshot feature is very appealing,"
Moore says. "If I'm about to try something weird or different I can just
take a snapshot, and that snapshot is very fast and lightweight." VMware
Workstation lets users take snapshots at any time, even while the virtual machine
is running. The result is a lightweight copy that takes the snapshot and stores
only the changes from that point.
"It has a very nice tool for managing snapshots," Moore says. "The
UI actually shows you all the different snapshots you've made. You can give
them all names, and it's fairly easy to navigate. So you can try one thing and
if that doesn't feel quite right, you can go back to a previously known good
state, without destroying where you just were."
Virtual PC right now has no snapshot capability, although it does let users
"go back" one level. "For developers who are always messing around,
the snapshot feature is really useful," Moore says. "When you're developing
things deep down inside Windows, if you make a mistake with a real machine,
you have to clear the whole thing off and re-install. It's a big problem."
Non-developers also find the snapshot worthwhile, especially for disaster recovery
purposes. "We can take snapshots of our data and ship those to our Texas
office, and vice versa," explains Steve Birchfield, network administrator
at AnazaoHealth Corp. in Tampa, Fla. "So if something happens here, a hurricane
or some other event, they can just bring those copies of the virtual machines
up and we can function and operate out of the other location."
Other readers like the snapshot capability but find it difficult to navigate.
"I tried the snapshots, but I got myself all confused on which snapshot
was which, so I just deleted them all and started over again," Hanley says.
"I think better tools for managing snapshots in VMware would be cool. We're
constantly changing the environment and like to go back to known states."
Storage space is another caveat when it comes to snapshots, readers say. "The
problem I have is the hard drive requirements," says Fox. "You are
definitely going to be losing space fast because you're storing all those images."
Fox says he usually stores snapshots on a separate 300GB portable hard drive
to avoid space problems.
Cloning is another key feature of VMware Workstation 5.5. Users can make either
a full copy of a VM (called a full clone) or a linked clone. Linked clones are
lightweight copies in which only changes are saved. "VMware's ability to
clone one [VM] based on another is a great feature," Moore says. "If
I have a [VM] and a snapshot of that machine, the linked clone feature lets
you have both of those machines running simultaneously."
This works well for Moore because he can quickly and efficiently create multiple
copies of VMs sporting only incremental changes. "If I have a domain controller
and want to make another domain controller just like it, except that it's configured
to run in Chinese, it's easy," he says. "I make a clone of the first
domain controller and fire that one up while the first one is still running. Then,
on the second one, I can go into the control panel and say, 'OK, you're now running
in Chinese.' And it hasn't taken 10GB of space, because for the second one, VMware
is just maintaining the differences between the two. It's very efficient on disk
space and it's very efficient to set up."
Some Support Still Lacking
VMware Workstation isn't perfect, however. Readers find it lacking in some key
areas, including support for Windows Vista and the fact that it doesn't yet
have a physical-to-virtual (P2V) converter for Linux. "VMware Workstation
doesn't support Windows Vista very well," Hanley says. "I'm assuming
that will be fixed rapidly with Vista going to manufacturing. When you pop an
image of Windows Vista and start VMware on that, the graphics look atrocious.
It reminds me of the Atari 'Pong' days."
Not only are the graphics less than stellar, but Vista also tends to crash
the whole machine. "I've had Vista as my host machine for a half hour at
one point and it was just blowing up so I just reverted back," Fox says.
"Vista as a guest on VMware runs fine, but the host has some issues to
work out."
This should change once Vista is out in production. "In all fairness,
Vista isn't a production operating system yet, so you really can't expect Workstation
to support Vista when it hasn't shipped," Hanley says.
Workstation also has no support for Linux P2V, an important feature for AnazaoHealth's
Birchfield. "Right now, VMware really doesn't have a P2V for Linux at all
-- it's just for Windows. And that's one thing that's lacking for us."
AnazaoHealth is a pharmacy, and many applications in that industry run only
on Linux. "When we purchase other pharmacies, chances are they'll have
a Unix or Linux system," Birchfield says. "It would be nice if VMware
had some kind of tool where we could easily pull their servers into a virtual
environment and not have to worry about supporting that hardware."
There are some tools like PlateSpin PowerConvert to do conversions, but support
is a problem. "You're kind of on your own as far as support," he says.
"Other people going through the same thing try and help you out, but really,
as far as official support, there's not much."
VMware currently offers a Windows-only converter. The next version of VMware's
Converter tool will convert Windows physical machines into VMs, as well as converting
Microsoft Virtual PC VMs into VMware Workstation VMs. That tool is currently
in beta and expected to be released in early 2007.
Beyond P2V, VMware support can be a soft spot. Readers say VMware Workstation
is a solid, stable product that needs very little support. For those pushing
the envelope, though, support can be hard to find and expensive.
"There's no support after 30 days. You can buy it, but it's not included,"
Moore says. "I've had a couple of issues where I haven't been able to get
things working. I went onto some of the forums, got a few suggestions and still
couldn't make it work. It wasn't critical, but if it was, I would have had to
cough up the money and pay for support."
Even with its downsides, readers say that VMware Workstation is head and shoulders
above the competition and well worth its $199 price tag.
"Virtual PC is free today, but there is no way that I would use that as
my main tool," Moore says. "The productivity differences between the
two are huge and the platform support isn't there in Virtual PC. So it's not
just about the money. VMware is a better tool."